In the 1840’s, talk in the Pacific Northwest was of controlling the threat to settled life from Indigenous people. “Indians” they were called back then. In January 1848, armed volunteers went out […]
Clouds are water vapour held up by air, and are named after clods, or lumps of earth. Ice floes are clods of ice held up by water. But in the world of […]
Here’s the Bear Paw Battlefield in the rain. It’s here that the hunt to eliminate a people from the face of the earth was called a war. It was just a hunt. […]
Not “all the land around a river” but the river. Not lines on a map drawn to separate armies or to delineate no-fire zones.. A living thing. So were the Wanapum of […]
The science based on Darwin holds that plants evolve over time to fit various ecological niches. This bunchgrass, for example, evolved to take advantage of hot, windy climates. The science based on […]
Okanagan Okanogan 