Back in the spring I pointed out that during the dominance of New France over the West, the Iroquois trafficked in slaves between the Sioux and the French. This transfer of Indigenous […]
41. Breaking Through the Mountains and Breaking the World
A terrible thing was done between 1793 and 1805. The mountains were broken open from East to West. Alexander Mackenzie’s Map of the End of the World The mountains had always been […]
Cascadia: From Fish to Lumber to Tourism to …
We are on a path of social evolution. The salmon are gone, and the oysters were long go poisoned by the plutonium plants on the Columbia. The great lumber industry that followed […]
Lewis and Clarke Never Found My Country
I went looking for the two Cayuse sisters, the beautiful twins. Coyote brought them salmon, and continues to watch over them, like the good dog he is. Before I found the sisters, […]
Return to the Snake River at the End of Time
High above the confluence of the Snake and Clearwater rivers, in the southeastern reach of my plateau homeland, the Camas Prairie catches the sky. The camas once bloomed in blue fields here. […]
The Horse Thief’s Garden
One of the most stunning headlands left along the Columbia River is Horse Thief Butte. It was a major village site for as long as there were salmon in the river. There […]